We would like to thank all our parents for giving us money to buy the materials necessary for the experiment. We want to thank Acsa’s mom for buying the heart rate monitor, supplying the materials, and for driving us to the park to do our experiment. We also appreciate Joseph’s mom for being at the park to supervise us the day our experiment was tested. We would like to recognize the volunteers who ran for our experiment: Jay, Julia, and Lacie. They were generous enough to take the time out of their day to help us and we greatly appreciate it. Lastly, we wouldn't have been able to do much of our work or research without the help of Mrs. Hong. She guided us through the steps to have a great science fair project and helped us overcome some obstacles we encountered. Our group is grateful for all the support we received throughout this project.
Abstract (Andrea)
Our experiment measured whether or not the genre of music heard while exercising affects a person’s overall heart rate. We studied the effect of exercise on heart rate, effect the music genre and its tempo has on heart rate, and its long term benefits to one’s health. Before conducting our experiment, we measured and recorded the participant’s starting heart rate to compare afterwards. For the experiment, we had the participant jog to each of the five genres of music: pop, rock, rap, classical, and country. After each song, we measured and recorded their ending heart rate. With the starting and ending heart rate, we compared the results to see if the genre of music did indeed have an effect on one’s heart rate. When we completed the experiment we found that each individual genre didn't have a distinctive increase or decrease in heart rate from the others. Overall the music boosted each participants' heart rate significantly, but not one genre did more so than the other.
Purpose (Acsa) (Use 3rd person) (revision:acsa)
The purpose of this project was to test how music genres can affect your heart rate while exercising. The reason for choosing this project was because the group members wanted a topic that could be both fun and useful. A large amount of people don’t exercise because it’s not fun. The point of this project was to figure out which music genre would increase heart rate the most. This would result as motivation for people to exercise, making the world a healthier place. There were so many questions the group wanted answered. What music genre affects heart rate the most? How can music motivate someone to exercise? Although there were many questions asked, with some research and testing these questions were soon answered. For example, it is vital to maintain heart rate at a healthy pace of 60-100 bpm, which can be accomplished through daily exercise (All about Heart Rate 1).This experiment answered all of our questions, which can now be used to help people live a healthier lifestyle
History (Andrea)
Exercise plays a significant role on our heart rate. The intensity and type of exercise can determine whether heart rate increase, decreases, or stays the same. Exercise plays a fundamental role, not only to our health and physique, but history itself. Humans have exercised since the prehistoric times (pre-10,000 B.C.) and will continue to incorporate it in their daily lives (Dalleck 1). In ancient times, people exercised when they hunted or gathered for food. Primitive nomadic tribes would often travel long distances to follow animal herds when hunting. They walked great distances for food and shelter, thus aerobic exercise playing an important role in their daily life. Although exercise now isn’t driven by subsistence requirements, fitness is still needed for our well-being (Dalleck 1).
Humans exercised from the age of primitive man to the 21st century. The Neolithic Age was extremely significant to civilization because agriculture developments led to a sedentary lifestyle. Despite this dramatic change in human history, people incorporated exercise one way or another in their daily life. In the East, exercise was used in religion when meditating or practicing martial arts. The Europeans had their armies do laborious training when preparing for battle. The importance exercise played on human health sparked the curiosity of early scientists in the study of the human body. Some of their studies included the study of the cardiovascular system, which mainly regarded the human heart(Achenbach 1).
The heart has played an important role in understanding the body. In the fourth century B. C., the Greek philosopher Aristotle identified the heart as the most important organ of the body. The role of the heart is to pump oxygen-rich blood to every living cell in the body (Kassem 1). In order to achieve its goal, it must continuously beat for a person’s entire lifespan.This amazing muscle produces electrical impulses through a process called cardiac conduction (Kassem 1). These impulses cause the heart to contract and then relax; producing what is known as a heartbeat. The number of heart beats per minute is its heart rate. The beating of the heart drives the cardiac cycle, which pumps blood to cells and tissues of the body.
Similar to the beating of the heart, music also consists of beats and rhythm. Music, like exercise, has been around for thousands of years. Although music then was used in religious rituals, now in modern times, music is used as a form of entertainment. Music has many benefits besides being a favorite pastime. It’s used for religious purposes, relaxation, and has been proven to affect heart rate (Edelson 1).
Process(Acsa) Revise
What you typed describes the procedure- This will already be described in the lab portion of your report. Rather, this section should focus on the heart. What does heart rate measure? What's a healthy rate? Why is it beneficial to control heart rate? Then talk about how exercise helps the heart.
In our experiment we determined whether the genre of music decreased or increased heart rate. Heart rate measures the number of heartbeat per units of time. A normal heart ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, this of course can change due to certain factors, such as age or the level of physical activity (All about Heart Rate 1). Controlling one's heart rate is important because the heart is one of the most important muscles in the body, so a healthy heart with a regular heart rate is able to carry out all bodily functions properly. Exercise stimulates heart rate. It increases it significantly due to the intensity of the exercise and movement of the body. When exercising you might notice some signs of increased heart rate: heavy breathing, short breaths, and the increased thumping inside your chest. Exercise overall helps prevent disease and illness. The heart and body need exercise to keep it in shape and performing smoothly.
When it comes to heart rate many diseases, disorders, and abnormalities can be faced. These abnormalities are called Arrhythmias. There are many types of Arrhythmias which are classified by where they begin in the heart or as one of four types. The four types include premature beats, supraventricular, ventricular, and Brady arrhythmias. Many may cause death, but there are two that can kill in minutes which are ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It’s always good to stay safe and healthy to avoid diseases/abnormalities from as high blood pressures to more severe problems like ventricular tachycardia. (Add one paragraph to describe some diseases associated with heart rate.)
Explain how music affect the heart rate (below was taken from the history paragraph)
The tempoof music can either put a person at ease (decreasing heart rate) or excite them (increasing heart rate). Studies show that a slow music tempo can cause heart rate to decline and that a fast paced tempo causes heart rate to increase (Strzeszewski 1). This increase or decrease in heart rate is similar to the effect exercise has on heart rate. Ultimately, music has a very strong, very definite physiological and psychological effect on people.
Application (Acsa)
(Currently, are there any doctors using music as therapy? find a source)
People who have cancer use music therapy because it makes them feel good (Haynes 1). Many of us know how calming and relaxing it can be to listen to a favorite piece of music. It can help people with cancer to cope with side affects such as pain, anxiety, depression, and sickness.
Reflection (Andrea)
For our project we wanted to determine whether or not music genre increase or decrease heart rate. Before starting our trials we did some background research and discovered some interesting facts. For example, none of us even knew what the average person's heart rate was! Most people's heart rate range from 60-100 bpm, so when we did the experiment we weren't surprised that all of our volunteers heart rate fell in that range. We knew that exercise was vital to our health, but we didn't know how widely practiced it was througout human history and across the world. We knew that music and exercise were factors in the increase or decrease in heart rate, but we were amazed that small things like temperature affected heart rate.
When conducting the experiment we were expecting pop to have the higher number of heart beats per minute (bpm). Much to our surprise, none of the music genres produced a dramatic increase or decrease in heart rate from the other genres. Although there was no definite winner for producing the highest heart rate, all of the music genres did increase the heart rate significantly in comparison to he trial without music. The best part of this project for the three of us was conducting the experiment because we had fun cheering for our volunteers as they ran and choosing which song to use to represent each genre. If we were to do this experiment again we would do it in an indoor air ventilated place,so small factors such as temperature wouldn't affect their heart rate.
Glossary (Acsa) (number & add part of speech)
1. Aerobic exercise: noun designed to increase oxygen consumption and improve functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
2. Cardiovascular system: noun the heart and blood vessels, by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body.
3. Cell: noun a usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms.
4. Distance: noun the extent or amount of space between two things, points, lines, etc.
5. Heart: noun a hollow, pump like organ of blood circulation, composed mainly of rhythmically contractile smooth muscle , located in the chest between the lungs and slightly to the left and consisting of four chambers: a right atrium that receives blood returning from the body via the superior and inferior vena cavae, a right ventricle that pumps the blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for oxygenation, a left atrium that receives the oxygenated blood via the pulmonary veins and passes it through the mitral valve, and a left ventricle that pumps the oxygenated blood, via the aorta, throughout the body.
6. Heart rate: noun the number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute
7. Muscle: noun an organ composed of muscle tissue, that contracts to produce a particular movement.
8. Sedentary: adj accustomed to sit or rest a great deal or to take little exercise.
9. Speed (distance/time=rate): noun rapidity in moving, going, traveling, proceeding, or performing; swiftness
10. Tempo: nounMusic. relative rapidity or rate of movement, usually indicated by such terms as adagio, allegro, etc., or by reference to the metronome.
11. Tissue: noun an aggregate of similar cells and cell products forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function, in a multicellular organism.
Materials(acsa)
1 pop song
1 rock song
1 rap song
1 classical song
Place to run (Moorfield)
Heart Rate monitor
Earphones
iPod
Notebook
Pen
Analysis (Joseph) (Describe the data table and graph; point out the high and low numbers)
In the analysis the music genre had no effect on the heart rate. In our data there was no pattern.
Procedure (Acsa)
Find 5 volunteers
Specify the distance (30 yards) in which the volunteer is running to and back from
Attach heart rate monitor to volunteer's wrist
Press and hold the "start" button of the heart rate monitor to get the beginning heart rate
Record the volunteer's beginning heart rate showed on the heart rate monitor
Choose the song for the volunteer to jog to for each music genre
Place earphones in volunteer's ears
Start music ( based on genre being tested)
Make volunteer run 30 yards from starting point to the specified ending point
Have the volunteer run back to the starting point
Press and hold the "start" button of the heart rate monitor to get the ending heart rate
Record the volunteer's ending heart rate
Compare both the beginning and ending heart rate
Hypothesis (Joseph)
If the music that is being exercised to is fast paced like pop, then it will cause the heart rate to increase.
Statement of problem(Joseph)
Does the genre of music affect heart rate while exercising?
Conclusion(joe)
In conclusion, the music genre didn't affect a person's overall heart rate. The results were inconclusive because the numbers showed no consistent increase or decrease for each individual genre. Our hypothesis was proven wrong because Pop, fast paced had no great impact on heart rate.
We did everything right and we didn't forget to do anything while doing the experiment. We could have used more people to test so that we could have been more accurate while doing the experiment.
In the future, we can do other exercises instead of running, such as jumping jacks or jump roping. We could also test more people and have the volunteers be at the same age group. Some problems we faced were not having a bigger age variety to test and the earphones kept falling out of their ears.
t would be great if in the future somebody did the same project, but included more genres and had more trials for more accurate results.
Work Cited (Andrea) (not all of the sources below were cited; either give them credit when used in research report or remove from this list)
Achenbach, M. “Timeline: Heart in History.” 2003. PBS. www.pbs.org/.
Dalleck, L. “The History of Fitness.” 2002. IDEA Health&Fitness, Inc. http://www.ideafit.com
Edelson, E. “Music Can Make the Heart Beat Faster.” 23 June 2011. ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/
Haynes, W. “The Role of Exercise in your Future: What are some of the Benefits?” 2009. Princeton Online. http://www.princetonol.com
Kassem, N. “How a Heart Rate Works.” 28 September 2010. Livestrong. http://livestrong.com/
No Author. “All about Heart Rate.” 2012. The American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org
Strzeszewski, K. “Heart Rate and Music.” 16 July 2010. Livestrong. http://livestrong.com/
Comments:
Align Headings LEFT
Need intext citations. Where did facts come from?
What is Joseph responsible for?
Rubric for 2e.
Your Points
Total Points
Purpose
4
5
History
4
5
Process
3.5
5
Future (Current Applications)
3.5
5
Glossary (10, abc)
5
5
Works Cited
5
5
Total
25
30
Rubric for 2f- deadline extended to 4/30
You will get Tuesday class time (4/30) to make any additional revisions.
Must use 3rd person AND in-text citations for Purpose, History, Process, & Applications paragraphs.
Pts. Earned
Pts. Possible
Abstract (Q1-2)
4.5
5
Purpose
4.5
5
History
4.5
5
Process
3.5
5
Applications (Formerly Future)
3.5
5
Reflection (about research AND lab)
5
5
Glossary
4
5
Works Cited
3.5
5
Total
33
40
Rubric for 5-6ab- deadline 5/3
You will get class time (4/30 & 5/2) to make additional revisions to your wikispace page.
Paste from proposal!
Acknowledgments (Acsa&Andrea)
We would like to thank all our parents for giving us money to buy the materials necessary for the experiment. We want to thank Acsa’s mom for buying the heart rate monitor, supplying the materials, and for driving us to the park to do our experiment. We also appreciate Joseph’s mom for being at the park to supervise us the day our experiment was tested. We would like to recognize the volunteers who ran for our experiment: Jay, Julia, and Lacie. They were generous enough to take the time out of their day to help us and we greatly appreciate it. Lastly, we wouldn't have been able to do much of our work or research without the help of Mrs. Hong. She guided us through the steps to have a great science fair project and helped us overcome some obstacles we encountered. Our group is grateful for all the support we received throughout this project.
Abstract (Andrea)
Our experiment measured whether or not the genre of music heard while exercising affects a person’s overall heart rate. We studied the effect of exercise on heart rate, effect the music genre and its tempo has on heart rate, and its long term benefits to one’s health. Before conducting our experiment, we measured and recorded the participant’s starting heart rate to compare afterwards. For the experiment, we had the participant jog to each of the five genres of music: pop, rock, rap, classical, and country. After each song, we measured and recorded their ending heart rate. With the starting and ending heart rate, we compared the results to see if the genre of music did indeed have an effect on one’s heart rate. When we completed the experiment we found that each individual genre didn't have a distinctive increase or decrease in heart rate from the others. Overall the music boosted each participants' heart rate significantly, but not one genre did more so than the other.
Purpose (Acsa) (Use 3rd person) (revision:acsa)
The purpose of this project was to test how music genres can affect your heart rate while exercising. The reason for choosing this project was because the group members wanted a topic that could be both fun and useful. A large amount of people don’t exercise because it’s not fun. The point of this project was to figure out which music genre would increase heart rate the most. This would result as motivation for people to exercise, making the world a healthier place. There were so many questions the group wanted answered. What music genre affects heart rate the most? How can music motivate someone to exercise? Although there were many questions asked, with some research and testing these questions were soon answered. For example, it is vital to maintain heart rate at a healthy pace of 60-100 bpm, which can be accomplished through daily exercise (All about Heart Rate 1). This experiment answered all of our questions, which can now be used to help people live a healthier lifestyle
History (Andrea)
Exercise plays a significant role on our heart rate. The intensity and type of exercise can determine whether heart rate increase, decreases, or stays the same. Exercise plays a fundamental role, not only to our health and physique, but history itself. Humans have exercised since the prehistoric times (pre-10,000 B.C.) and will continue to incorporate it in their daily lives (Dalleck 1). In ancient times, people exercised when they hunted or gathered for food. Primitive nomadic tribes would often travel long distances to follow animal herds when hunting. They walked great distances for food and shelter, thus aerobic exercise playing an important role in their daily life. Although exercise now isn’t driven by subsistence requirements, fitness is still needed for our well-being (Dalleck 1).
Humans exercised from the age of primitive man to the 21st century. The Neolithic Age was extremely significant to civilization because agriculture developments led to a sedentary lifestyle. Despite this dramatic change in human history, people incorporated exercise one way or another in their daily life. In the East, exercise was used in religion when meditating or practicing martial arts. The Europeans had their armies do laborious training when preparing for battle. The importance exercise played on human health sparked the curiosity of early scientists in the study of the human body. Some of their studies included the study of the cardiovascular system, which mainly regarded the human heart (Achenbach 1).
The heart has played an important role in understanding the body. In the fourth century B. C., the Greek philosopher Aristotle identified the heart as the most important organ of the body. The role of the heart is to pump oxygen-rich blood to every living cell in the body (Kassem 1). In order to achieve its goal, it must continuously beat for a person’s entire lifespan.This amazing muscle produces electrical impulses through a process called cardiac conduction (Kassem 1). These impulses cause the heart to contract and then relax; producing what is known as a heartbeat. The number of heart beats per minute is its heart rate. The beating of the heart drives the cardiac cycle, which pumps blood to cells and tissues of the body.
Similar to the beating of the heart, music also consists of beats and rhythm. Music, like exercise, has been around for thousands of years. Although music then was used in religious rituals, now in modern times, music is used as a form of entertainment. Music has many benefits besides being a favorite pastime. It’s used for religious purposes, relaxation, and has been proven to affect heart rate (Edelson 1).
Process(Acsa) Revise
What you typed describes the procedure- This will already be described in the lab portion of your report. Rather, this section should focus on the heart. What does heart rate measure? What's a healthy rate? Why is it beneficial to control heart rate? Then talk about how exercise helps the heart.
In our experiment we determined whether the genre of music decreased or increased heart rate. Heart rate measures the number of heartbeat per units of time. A normal heart ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, this of course can change due to certain factors, such as age or the level of physical activity (All about Heart Rate 1). Controlling one's heart rate is important because the heart is one of the most important muscles in the body, so a healthy heart with a regular heart rate is able to carry out all bodily functions properly. Exercise stimulates heart rate. It increases it significantly due to the intensity of the exercise and movement of the body. When exercising you might notice some signs of increased heart rate: heavy breathing, short breaths, and the increased thumping inside your chest. Exercise overall helps prevent disease and illness. The heart and body need exercise to keep it in shape and performing smoothly.
When it comes to heart rate many diseases, disorders, and abnormalities can be faced. These abnormalities are called Arrhythmias. There are many types of Arrhythmias which are classified by where they begin in the heart or as one of four types. The four types include premature beats, supraventricular, ventricular, and Brady arrhythmias. Many may cause death, but there are two that can kill in minutes which are ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It’s always good to stay safe and healthy to avoid diseases/abnormalities from as high blood pressures to more severe problems like ventricular tachycardia.
(Add one paragraph to describe some diseases associated with heart rate.)
Explain how music affect the heart rate (below was taken from the history paragraph)
The tempoof music can either put a person at ease (decreasing heart rate) or excite them (increasing heart rate). Studies show that a slow music tempo can cause heart rate to decline and that a fast paced tempo causes heart rate to increase (Strzeszewski 1). This increase or decrease in heart rate is similar to the effect exercise has on heart rate. Ultimately, music has a very strong, very definite physiological and psychological effect on people.
Application (Acsa)
(Currently, are there any doctors using music as therapy? find a source)
People who have cancer use music therapy because it makes them feel good (Haynes 1). Many of us know how calming and relaxing it can be to listen to a favorite piece of music. It can help people with cancer to cope with side affects such as pain, anxiety, depression, and sickness.
Reflection (Andrea)
For our project we wanted to determine whether or not music genre increase or decrease heart rate. Before starting our trials we did some background research and discovered some interesting facts. For example, none of us even knew what the average person's heart rate was! Most people's heart rate range from 60-100 bpm, so when we did the experiment we weren't surprised that all of our volunteers heart rate fell in that range. We knew that exercise was vital to our health, but we didn't know how widely practiced it was througout human history and across the world. We knew that music and exercise were factors in the increase or decrease in heart rate, but we were amazed that small things like temperature affected heart rate.
When conducting the experiment we were expecting pop to have the higher number of heart beats per minute (bpm). Much to our surprise, none of the music genres produced a dramatic increase or decrease in heart rate from the other genres. Although there was no definite winner for producing the highest heart rate, all of the music genres did increase the heart rate significantly in comparison to he trial without music. The best part of this project for the three of us was conducting the experiment because we had fun cheering for our volunteers as they ran and choosing which song to use to represent each genre. If we were to do this experiment again we would do it in an indoor air ventilated place,so small factors such as temperature wouldn't affect their heart rate.
Glossary (Acsa) (number & add part of speech)
1. Aerobic exercise: noun designed to increase oxygen consumption and improve functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
2. Cardiovascular system: noun the heart and blood vessels, by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body.
3. Cell: noun a usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms.
4. Distance: noun the extent or amount of space between two things, points, lines, etc.
5. Heart: noun a hollow, pump like organ of blood circulation, composed mainly of rhythmically contractile smooth muscle , located in the chest between the lungs and slightly to the left and consisting of four chambers: a right atrium that receives blood returning from the body via the superior and inferior vena cavae, a right ventricle that pumps the blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for oxygenation, a left atrium that receives the oxygenated blood via the pulmonary veins and passes it through the mitral valve, and a left ventricle that pumps the oxygenated blood, via the aorta, throughout the body.
6. Heart rate: noun the number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute
7. Muscle: noun an organ composed of muscle tissue, that contracts to produce a particular movement.
8. Sedentary: adj accustomed to sit or rest a great deal or to take little exercise.
9. Speed (distance/time=rate): noun rapidity in moving, going, traveling, proceeding, or performing; swiftness
10. Tempo: noun Music. relative rapidity or rate of movement, usually indicated by such terms as adagio, allegro, etc., or by reference to the metronome.
11. Tissue: noun an aggregate of similar cells and cell products forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function, in a multicellular organism.
Materials(acsa)
Analysis (Joseph) (Describe the data table and graph; point out the high and low numbers)
In the analysis the music genre had no effect on the heart rate. In our data there was no pattern.Procedure (Acsa)
Hypothesis (Joseph)
If the music that is being exercised to is fast paced like pop, then it will cause the heart rate to increase.Statement of problem(Joseph)
Does the genre of music affect heart rate while exercising?
Conclusion(joe)
In conclusion, the music genre didn't affect a person's overall heart rate. The results were inconclusive because the numbers showed no consistent increase or decrease for each individual genre. Our hypothesis was proven wrong because Pop, fast paced had no great impact on heart rate.
We did everything right and we didn't forget to do anything while doing the experiment. We could have used more people to test so that we could have been more accurate while doing the experiment.
In the future, we can do other exercises instead of running, such as jumping jacks or jump roping. We could also test more people and have the volunteers be at the same age group. Some problems we faced were not having a bigger age variety to test and the earphones kept falling out of their ears.
t would be great if in the future somebody did the same project, but included more genres and had more trials for more accurate results.
Work Cited (Andrea) (not all of the sources below were cited; either give them credit when used in research report or remove from this list)
Achenbach, M. “Timeline: Heart in History.” 2003. PBS. www.pbs.org/.Chandrasekaren, P. “Effect of Music on Heart Rate.” 21 October 2005. http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/
Dalleck, L. “The History of Fitness.” 2002. IDEA Health&Fitness, Inc. http://www.ideafit.com
Edelson, E. “Music Can Make the Heart Beat Faster.” 23 June 2011. ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/
Haynes, W. “The Role of Exercise in your Future: What are some of the Benefits?” 2009. Princeton Online. http://www.princetonol.com
Kassem, N. “How a Heart Rate Works.” 28 September 2010. Livestrong. http://livestrong.com/
No Author. “All about Heart Rate.” 2012. The American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org
Strzeszewski, K. “Heart Rate and Music.” 16 July 2010. Livestrong. http://livestrong.com/
Comments:
Align Headings LEFT
Need intext citations. Where did facts come from?
What is Joseph responsible for?
Rubric for 2e.
Rubric for 2f- deadline extended to 4/30
You will get Tuesday class time (4/30) to make any additional revisions.
Must use 3rd person AND in-text citations for Purpose, History, Process, & Applications paragraphs.
Rubric for 5-6ab- deadline 5/3
You will get class time (4/30 & 5/2) to make additional revisions to your wikispace page.
Paste from proposal!